胸闷，ZF到底想干嘛

   今年春节这个年过的一点也不开心。真是另人费解，没有一个国家愿意让自己的主粮由转基因食品代替，中国在基因技术生态技术以及对人体安全这些领域都不算先进的情况，居然要做这个第一。

   其实问题很简单，单从国家安全战略上来说，这次推广的品种其种子自己完全没有科研能力研发，是由美国孟山都提供的，单单就这一点，粮食种子由美国提供，这个就是根本放弃啦自己的粮食安全和粮食自主权，是放任国内的粮食生产由美国垄断，而且对象还是孟山都这样一个怪物。

   现在转基因食品对健康造成危害的案例已经有很多研究数据表现出来，而且其危害是长期潜伏性的，会在后几代身上发生作用。连基本的动物试验都无法通过的食品要做为粮食推广对象。世界上还没有对转基因食品的安全性产生压倒性的共识，这样就急匆匆的推广使用，这是一种负责的态度么。全国这么多人吃，如果出事，怎么办，而且可能是后代出事。

  可是现在不知道是被收买的还是真的不懂得大批有头衔的中国科学研究者却是极力地想掩盖其不安全性，看啦很多，完全就是和过去的做法一样，玩弄文字游戏，或是忽悠专业名词，掩盖转基因食品根本就不是安全食品这个显而易见的事实。而且看啦看里面还有陈君石这样的曾经为毒奶辩护的人，我是相当不懂，象陈君石这些人在毒奶没有完全暴露前极力辩护其安全的人怎么还没消失，怎么还有资格在现在这个问题上发言。而且农业部不久前居然宣称中国从来没有种植转基因粮食作物，怎么能这么不要脸呢，湖北种植转基因大米这个铁一样的事实，怎么居然有胆量说出这句话，作为一个国家的农业部，撒这种谎，还怎么能让人相信。最不可思议的是农业部和孟山都对于广西的迪卡007转基因玉米的迅速反应，又出来辟谣啦，农业部和孟山都一致声明广西种植的迪卡007玉米是杂交玉米，不是转基因品种，怎么这么不要脸呢。孟山都我就不说啦，不要脸歪曲事实的事情做的不少啦，全世界都知道，农业部现在也跟着穿一条裤子，你到底是中国的农业部还是孟山都的农业部。在这次转基因主粮事件热火前，广西的地方官网上明明就有报告是引进孟山都的转基因玉米这样的农业报告，是04年的，是不是广西的地方官网也吹牛啦。这里面到底隐藏着什么。

    本来准备新的一年在事业上大干一场的，看到这些什么都不想做啦，我更加明白为什么父亲的几个海归博士朋友，要自己在乡下生产一点食品，想起N年前在老家的一个台湾回来的叔叔发的一个感慨：哎，现在村里的女孩子和以前都不一样啦，都发育太早啦，而且都没以前的长的高长的大啦，都是吃的里面可能激素太多啦。。

   胸闷，为国内的学术界悲哀，太容易被收买啦，就为拉钱，都不配为人啦。。关于转基因，真正明白的还是知道的，国内的砖家现在的救火所说的话，形容就是，一个P。中国这种坏境，怕啦。想做点贡献都不知是为拉什么。。。

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* German GM maize ban plays part in reduction
* Outside EU GM cultivation grew

BRUSSELS, Feb 23 (Reuters) - The cultivation of genetically modified crops in the European Union fell 12 percent last year, due partly to Germany's decision to ban the growing of GM maize, an industry-sponsored report said on Tuesday.
       The land area sown to biotech crops across the 27-country EU in 2009 totalled 94,750 hectares, down from 107,719 hectares in 2008, the report issued by the International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications (ISAAA) showed.
       The only GM crop grown in the bloc is an insect-resistant maize, MON 810, developed by U.S. biotech firm Monsanto (MON.N). MON 810 -- also known as Bt maize -- was approved for a decade of growing in 1998 and is awaiting licence renewal by the EU. [ID:nLDE6120A4]
       The German cultivation ban on MON 810 cut the number of EU countries growing GM crops in 2009 to six. Spain still had by far the largest amount of land sown to GM at 76,057 hectares, down 4 percent on 2008, the ISAAA said. "The decrease (in EU GM cultivation) in 2009 was associated with several factors, including the economic recession, decreased total plantings of hybrid maize and disincentives for some farmers due to onerous reporting of intended plantings of Bt maize," the report said.
       Environmental group Greenpeace attributed the decrease to higher GM seed prices and public opposition to GM crops in Europe. "GM crops are a failed experiment. They are failing in the field and failing on the market," a Greenpeace spokesman said.
       In contrast to the EU, GM cultivation globally grew by 7 percent last year to reach 134 million hectares, the report said. The United States had by far the largest GM area, totalling 64 million hectares, followed by Brazil and Argentina.
   

EU GM CROP SOWINGS BY AREA (in hectares)
 
 
 Y2008
 Y2009
 
Spain
 79,269
 76,057
 
Czech Republic
 8,380
 6,480
 
Portugal
 4,851
 5,094
 
Romania
 7,146
 3,244
 
Poland
 3,000
 3,000
 
Slovakia
 1,900
 875
 

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时间考验了土豆，还是记者搞了假新闻？
直言了，2010-03-03。
（此文同时发至不良信息举报中心和新华社）。

过去12年，欧盟没批准转基因作物种植。今年03月02日，欧盟发布公告、宣布批准转基因土豆（Amflora）商业种植。就此，新华社记者张小军发表新闻说：“转基因作物的安全性经受住了时间的考验。……开发高产和富含营养成分的转基因作物，被广泛视为根本性解决全球粮食危机的途径。”

那是篡改。欧盟批准该种植是允许工业用途而不允许作为人类食品种植：“The Commission approved recycling of residue from the starch processing to be used as feed. Amflora potatoes, however, are not approved for human consumption. ‘Incidental, technically unavoidable admixtures’ of up to 0.9 percent are allowed though.”

该产品所有人公司解释说得更明白：除了工业饲料外，"Amflora starch can be used in many different ways. It makes yarn stronger and paper glossier; it also makes spray concrete adhere better to the wall and keeps glue liquid for longer." （Amflora淀粉可有许多不同方式的应用。它可强化纱/纸，也可强化混凝土粘性和加长其液态时间）。

对比原文，可见，新华社记者张小军把工业用途的种植当做人类食品用途的种植做报道，那不是压根儿就没看懂公告及新闻、就是故意搞篡改欺骗。不管怎样，那记者提供的是虚假新闻和散布虚假信息 ；而该记者搞虚假报道已经不止一次。

：见欧盟新闻公告，basf公司公告，BBC-/GMO等媒体新闻报道（2 March 2010 16:54 GMT ）。

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According to the World Health Organization, Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) are "organisms in which the genetic material (DNA) has been altered in such a way that does not occur naturally."1 This technology is also referred to as "genetic engineering", "biotechnology" or "recombinant DNA technology" and consists of randomly inserting genetic fragments of DNA from one organism to another, usually from a different species. For example, an artificial combination of genes that includes a gene to produce the pesticide Cry1Ab protein (commonly known as Bt toxin), originally found in Bacillus thuringiensis, is inserted in to the DNA of corn randomly. Both the location of the transferred gene sequence in the corn DNA and the consequences of the insertion differ with each insertion. The plant cells that have taken up the inserted gene are then grown in a lab using tissue culture and/or nutrient medium that allows them to develop into plants that are used to grow GM food crops.2

Natural breeding processes have been safely utilized for the past several thousand years. In contrast, "GE crop technology abrogates natural reproductive processes, selection occurs at the single cell level, the procedure is highly mutagenic and routinely breeches genera barriers, and the technique has only been used commercially for 10 years."3
 
Despite these differences, safety assessment of GM foods has been based on the idea of "substantial equivalence" such that "if a new food is found to be substantially equivalent in composition and nutritional characteristics to an existing food, it can be regarded as safe as the conventional food."4 However, several animal studies indicate serious health risks associated with GM food consumption including infertility, immune dysregulation, accelerated aging, dysregulation of genes associated with cholesterol synthesis, insulin regulation, cell signaling, and protein formation, and changes in the liver, kidney, spleen and gastrointestinal system.
 
There is more than a casual association between GM foods and adverse health effects. There is causation as defined by Hill's Criteria in the areas of strength of association, consistency, specificity, biological gradient, and biological plausibility.5 The strength of association and consistency between GM foods and disease is confirmed in several animal studies.2,6,7,8,9,10,11
 
Specificity of the association of GM foods and specific disease processes is also supported. Multiple animal studies show significant immune dysregulation, including upregulation of cytokines associated with asthma, allergy, and inflammation. 6,11 Animal studies also show altered structure and function of the liver, including altered lipid and carbohydrate metabolism as well as cellular changes that could lead to accelerated aging and possibly lead to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). 7,8,10 Changes in the kidney, pancreas and spleen have also been documented. 6,8,10 A recent 2008 study links GM corn with infertility, showing a significant decrease in offspring over time and significantly lower litter weight in mice fed GM corn.8 This study also found that over 400 genes were found to be expressed differently in the mice fed GM corn. These are genes known to control protein synthesis and modification, cell signaling, cholesterol synthesis, and insulin regulation. Studies also show intestinal damage in animals fed GM foods, including proliferative cell growth9 and disruption of the intestinal immune system.6
 
Regarding biological gradient, one study, done by Kroghsbo, et al., has shown that rats fed transgenic Bt rice trended to a dose related response for Bt specific IgA. 11
 
Also, because of the mounting data, it is biologically plausible for Genetically Modified Foods to cause adverse health effects in humans.
 
In spite of this risk, the biotechnology industry claims that GM foods can feed the world through production of higher crop yields. However, a recent report by the Union of Concerned Scientists reviewed 12 academic studies and indicates otherwise: "The several thousand field trials over the last 20 years for genes aimed at increasing operational or intrinsic yield (of crops) indicate a significant undertaking. Yet none of these field trials have resulted in increased yield in commercialized major food/feed crops, with the exception of Bt corn."12 However, it was further stated that this increase is largely due to traditional breeding improvements.
 
Therefore, because GM foods pose a serious health risk in the areas of toxicology, allergy and immune function, reproductive health, and metabolic, physiologic and genetic health and are without benefit, the AAEM believes that it is imperative to adopt the precautionary principle, which is one of the main regulatory tools of the European Union environmental and health policy and serves as a foundation for several international agreements.13 The most commonly used definition is from the 1992 Rio Declaration that states: "In order to protect the environment, the precautionary approach shall be widely applied by States according to their capabilities. Where there are threats of serious or irreversible damage, lack of full scientific certainty shall not be used as a reason for postponing cost-effective measures to prevent environmental degradation."13
 
Another often used definition originated from an environmental meeting in the United States in 1998 stating: "When an activity raises threats to the environment or human health, precautionary measures should be taken, even if some cause and effect relationships are not fully established scientifically. In this context, the proponent of an activity, rather than the public, should bear the burden of proof (of the safety of the activity)."13
 
With the precautionary principle in mind, because GM foods have not been properly tested for human consumption, and because there is ample evidence of probable harm, the AAEM asks: 

Physicians to educate their patients, the medical community, and the public to avoid GM foods when possible and provide educational materials concerning GM foods and health risks.

Physicians to consider the possible role of GM foods in the disease processes of the patients they treat and to document any changes in patient health when changing from GM food to non-GM food.

Our members, the medical community, and the independent scientific community to gather case studies potentially related to GM food consumption and health effects, begin epidemiological research to investigate the role of GM foods on human health, and conduct safe methods of determining the effect of GM foods on human health.

For a moratorium on GM food, implementation of immediate long term independent safety testing, and labeling of GM foods, which is necessary for the health and safety of consumers.

  

Bibliography: Genetically Modified Foods Position Paper AAEM

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食用转基因大豆的母鼠后代大部分死亡
　　　　
　　　　
俄罗斯科学家实施一项简单的实验，看看食用转基因大豆对后代的影响。然而，实验结果令人震惊，该实验的结论将会威胁好几十亿美元的行业。

俄罗斯科学院高级神经活动和神经生理学研究所高级科学家厄玛克娃（Irina Ermakova） 在母鼠饮食中加入了转基因大豆粉（5－7克），另外一些母鼠完全没有进食转基因大豆粉。在老鼠怀孕和整个怀孕期和哺乳期的两星期前开始进食实验.

当怀孕老鼠开始生产时，厄玛克娃（Ermakova）出现了首次惊讶，吃了转基因的母鼠生产出来的老鼠幼子明显地小些，两星期后，36%的老鼠幼子小于20克，而其他组的只有6%小于20克。

俄罗斯实验的实验，表明了令人震惊的成长――大些的老鼠，出生了十九天，属于可控制没有食用转基因大豆粉。小些的老鼠，出生二十天，属于食用了转基因大豆组。

但是当老鼠开始死亡时，真正的震惊出现了。在三个星期之内，在食用转基因大豆组的45只老鼠幼子中有25只死亡(死亡率55.6%)，而没有食用转基因大豆组中44只老鼠有3只死亡(死亡率6.8%)。

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俄罗斯从对转基因食品的标注要求更加严格。
　
早在２００２年９月１日，俄罗斯就要求凡转基因成分含量超过５％的食品都必须做特别说明。现在，只要转基因成分超过０．９％的食品都需要做标注。这样，俄罗斯对转基因食品的检验检疫标准就同欧盟的标准相一致。欧盟从今年４月份开始就要求只要转基因成分含量超过０．９％就必须做特别注明。

据悉，目前，俄罗斯有１３种植物源性食品含转基因成分，包括３种大豆产品，６种玉米、２种马铃薯，１种甜菜糖和１种大米。另外，目前国际市场上允许销售的西红柿、油菜、木瓜、香瓜和西葫芦等转基因产品，暂时在俄罗斯还没有注册。

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美国转基因大豆油对人体的几种危害
　　　　
　　　　1、转基因大豆及产品会引起跨物种感染，使人类感染动物的疾病，带来严重灾难。转基因食品中引入特定的基因或病毒，为跨物种感染埋下了通道。转基因食品引起跨物种感染的破坏性非常严重，不得不加倍慎重对待。
　　　　
　　　　2、转基因大豆及其产品会损害人体的内部系统。转基因大豆的组成物质与非转基因大豆相比有较大的变化，如植物凝血素提高了约1倍，蛋白酶抑制剂高26．7％，而蛋白质和苯丙氨酸明显下降，维生素B2复合体胆碱的含量低29％等，这些组成物质的变化可能会使人体生长缓慢，使人身材矮小；转基因大豆还含有一种类似雌性激素钓化学物质，它会破坏人体荷尔蒙，导致人体生殖器官异常，并损害免疫系统。此外，有证据表明，转基因大豆食品与非霍奇淋巴瘤发病率的提高具有一定相关性。
　　　　
　　　　3、转基因大豆及其产品可能对人体产生过敏反应。全世界有近2％的成年人和4％—6％的儿童发生过食品过敏，而90％的过敏是由蛋、鱼、贝壳、奶、花生、大豆、坚果和小麦8种食物引起的。转基因大豆由于其引入外部基因所以可能对人体更容易产生过敏反应。世界上一些国家的事实也证实了转基因大豆存在一定过敏性。
　　　　
　　　　4、转基因大豆及其产品可能会影响人体对抗生素产生抗性。转基因大豆中引入了外部基因，如果这些抗生素标记基因进入人体，则有可能转移到有害的致病菌中，从而使它们产生耐抗生素的能力，降低抗生素的临床有效性，也可能使人体对很多抗生素产生抗性。
　　　　
　　　　5、转基因大豆中存在未知DNA，可能带来新的不安全。人类对转基因大豆的研究很可能超出人类控制的范围，转基因大豆很可能发生人类没有预料到的变化，当然也可能给人类健康安全带来新的风险。
　　　　
　　　　美国大豆油生产与我国传统压榨法不同，而是采用“油浸法”炼油。所谓“油浸法”，是用6号汽油泡，然后再加温蒸发掉汽油。问题是，汽油中含有致癌的杂质，这些杂质就保留在转基因大豆油中。转基因大豆+“油浸法”炼油，吃下这种油会得怪病。尤其不要给小孩吃，大家千万小心，尽可能避免吃这种油。现在我国市场上的食用油主要由三大公司生产，其中美国独资控股的占60%，到处都是的“金龙鱼”食用油就是美国公司生产的。

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