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以下是引用hppeng在2010/5/27 9:37:00的发言：
>One bite is good enough？？
Yes. I give my horse just one Big-Bite-Delight for every click. When I give him a jackpot, it is more than 10X.
Bribe is not a good way to teach a behavior, and it will eventually fail.
To confuse you more, this is another write up talking between "Bribe", Reward", and "Reinforcement".
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Bribes tend to happen before the behavior as a way to motivate the
subject to do something. Rewards tend to happen after the behavior as
mostly a thank you for the action or event. Neither have a predictable
outcome towards future behavior. As trainer we should be more
interested in reinforcement and that is something that gives a
predictable increase in future behavior.
Forgive me for going over basic behavior terms but there are many people
who may have some confusion regarding these terminologies and I don't
have enough information to judge your trainers understanding on the
topic. In Karen Pryor's book "Don't Shoot the Dog" she talks
about a zoo situation where an ape was setting in the doorway so the
door could not be closed. The trainers were putting food outside to get
the ape to move but he would quickly grab the food and get back to
blocking the door. It was pointed out that the food was being given
before the behavior had occurred as in a bribe so they were not getting
the future outcome they wanted. Once they waited for the ape to move
then they give him the food it became a reinforcement and they could
then shape the ape to not stay in the doorway.
Rewards and reinforcements tend to be used interchangeable but they do
have different meanings. Rewards are a more general like presents for a
job or an event well done and they happen after the event that is
getting rewarded so it doesn't necessary have an effect on future
events. Reinforcements tend to happen at the same time or directly
after the event so it will more likely happen again. The click in
clicker trainer is used to give better timing so the trainee ties in the
event with the food or other reinforcement given. A birthday present
is a reward. If I give my brother a birthday present it is not going to
increase the likelihood that he will have another birthday. It's only
a thank you for being my brother.
As far as if you are bribing, rewarding or reinforcing the subject it
can be a bit cloudy as to what you are doing but it is how the trainee
sees it that is important. Years ago I got a $1000 Christmas bonus.
Because of some cash flow issues the boss gave it in November a month
before Christmas. Because it was before Christmas does it make it a
bribe? Was he rewarding me for the last years sales with this thank you
bonus? Sales the next year did increase so it might have been a
reinforcement that caused me to do even better the next year. To make
things even more confusing I might have thought it was a punishment
because 3 other managers also got the same bonus but I was in charge of
more of the store and employs then the other 3 put together. You never
know how something might get intrepid.
Bribes, rewards and reinforcement are all tools that we can use in
training. As far as what is better it depends on the situation and how
we use them.
我真的服了你婆口苦心，学习骑马怕走弯路，原来调教也有这么多的误区，Jose 只是想找只白老鼠试验下，过过训马的瘾，就是瞎玩，要是这匹迷你马可以骑乘，我早已跨上享受骑乘之乐了，正如Karen Pryor 在书中讲的：“ people don't really want to know how to change their own behavior”.
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