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Khyuan兄好, 感谢Khyuan兄不奢赐教。 弟近日遍访各国兽医网站，收获甚微。但有如下心得供各位参考： 1。干皮之病于各国甚为普遍。以育马大国美国为例，部分潮热地区之马匹受此疾患困扰者，竟达十之有二！ 2。人类对此疾病之机理认识仍十分有限，尚无为马界所普遍接受之良方；不过，正如本帖几位仁兄所言，增加进食电解质、清洁环境、勤于梳理毛发、物理降温等，乃最为普遍之共识。另外，中外专家皆有所谓“偏方”，多以草药为本，功效如何则难以判断。 我拟综合各位仁兄之高见，立即着手治疗，待见任何收效，再向各位报告。 以下文字节选于国外网站关于干皮病的文章，供有兴趣的马友参考： ANHIDROSIS Some horses suffer from a sweating disorder called anhidrosis which literally means without sweat. Horses subject to tenuous activity in hot climates sometimes develop this problem. Usually the sweating reflex automatically goes into action during hot weather or exertion, but in hot, humid weather there may not be much difference between the air temperature and the horse's body temperature. Sweat doesn't evaporate properly and the horse's cooling system is therefore unable to bring his body temperature down. After sweating profusely for a time, the horse may quit sweating. This condition was first discovered in British Thoroughbreds taken to tropical countries for racing, polo and cavalry. It is a problem for horses in tropical countries and in some areas of the U. S (particularly Gulf Coast states). Anhidrosis is not restricted to these areas, however; cases have been reported as far north as Minnesota and Michigan, and in arid climates like Arizona and California. It has been estimated that 20 to 30 percent of horses in hot, humid regions suffer from some degree of anhidrosis. Even horses that grow up in these hot areas can lose ability to sweat, though the problem is most common in horses brought from other regions. Anhidrosis usually develops during the hottest part of the year, and may come on quickly or develop gradually over several weeks; the problem then continues until cooler weather of Fall. A mild case may go unnoticed at first. The horse may sweat some, but not enough to adequately cool himself. A rider or trainer might notice that the horse's performance suffers as the weather gets hotter and more humid. The horse's sweating may be patchy, with moisture only on a few parts of his body. The shut-down of sweat glands is due to various stresses, particularly heat and humidity. The sweat glands quit responding to stimuli for awhile, then when the weather cools off, they start working again. If a horse has to sweat continually to cool himself, as during a hot humid summer or when confined to a hot, stuffy stall, his sweat glands work overtime and eventually shut down. The horse becomes dry-skinned, pants with mouth open, and has an elevated temperature (103 degrees or higher). He may have a few patches of sweat behind his ears, under his mane, at the elbows and flanks, but no moisture over his body. Other signs of anhidrosis are dry flaky skin and hair falling out, especially around the eyes. The dry coat and hair loss can result when oils from the sebaceous glands are no longer taken to the skin surface by sweat. The dry skin may become itchy. Prolonged inability to sweat can prove fatal; the horse is at risk for heat stroke and other problems. If discovered early, however this condition can be reversed by cooling the horse and giving his body's cooling system a break. The horse should be bathed with cool water from a garden hose or sprayed with a fine mist of cool water to bring his temperature back down to normal. Then his temperature should be kept low enough he doesn't need to sweat. He must stay out of the sun, but not in a hot, humid stall. Use of a portable fan may be adequate to stabilize his body temperature until his sweating reflex can recover. If anhidrosis is treated as soon as it occurs and the horse has not suffered this problem before, his sweating ability may recover in a few days. But if the problem is longstanding, he may need help for several weeks to maintain proper body temperature while he recovers. Misting fans can be helpful, for they can lower stall temperature by as much as 15 degrees. The horse will not be able to exert in hot weather until he recovers. Some horses do not regain their sweating ability and must be moved to a cooler climate. A survey of four central Florida Thoroughbred breeding farms, conducted by the University of Florida a few years ago to determine the extent of anhidrosis in that region, found that 25 percent of the 91 horses in training suffered from this condition to some degree. Of the 74 non-pregnant mares, 15 percent were anhidrotic, but only four percent of the 217 pregnant mares. The young animals (401 foals or youngsters that had not yet begun training) were less affected, with only two percent suffering from anhydrosis. The young horses were probably least at risk because of their smaller body mass (more efficiency in getting rid of body heat) and not being in training where they had to exert in the heat. Horses doing their training in the early mornings before sunup tend to suffer less than horses having to exert when the day is hotter.
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